Direct and Indirect Speech

There are two main ways of reporting people’s words, thoughts, beliefs etc.

Direct speech

We can give the exact words that were said.
This kind of reporting is called direct speech.

* She said, ‘What do you want?’
* Peter said, ‘It is not my fault.’
* Jane said, ‘Are you coming with me?’
* He said, ‘I don’t want to talk to you.’
* Monica says, ‘You look beautiful.’
* Mother said, ‘Stop talking.’

Indirect speech

We can report a speaker’s thoughts and words in our own words,
using conjunctions and changing pronouns,
tenses and other words where necessary.
This kind of reporting is called indirect speech.

* She asked what I wanted.
* Peter said that it was not his fault.
* Jane asked me if was going with her?
* He said that he didn’t want to talk to me.
* Monica says that I look beautiful.
* Mother asked her children to stop talking.

How do you make feijoada?

Mark has a Brazilian Neighbour. He asked her how to make feijoada.

Mark: How do you make feijoada?
Brazilian Neighbour: To make a feijoada you need black beans, chorizo…
Mark: That is a kind of sausage, isn’t it?
Brazilian Neighbour: It is. Spanish sausage.
Mark: Uh-huh.
Brazilian Neighbour: You can also get a Portuguese chorizo
Child: Daddy…..!
Brazilian Neighbour: And also you need…you need pork.
Mark: Yeah. Like a piece of pork?
Brazilian Neighbour: A piece of pork. M-hm. And you also need bay leaf.
Mark: Ah!?
Brazilian Neighbour: Put a little bay leaf in there. And you need paprika and you need cumin. And also you need coriander. Coriander..
Mark: Fresh or seeds or …?
Brazilian Neighbour: Fresh. Fresh.
Mark: The leaves?
Brazilian Neighbour: The leaves. Yeah. You put it right in the end.
Mark: Right. OK. Wow!
Brazilian Neighbour: So that is the ingredients. First you need to soak the beans overnight.
Mark: Right.
Brazilian Neighbour: Right. And then…Normally I have a pressure cooker.
Mark: Yeah? So it does it quickly?
Brazilian Neighbour: It does it quickly. Yeah. It only takes about a half an hour.
Mark: It is good to soak them though.
Brazilian Neighbour: Yeah.
Mark: Germinate. Grow a little bit.
Brazilian Neighbour: So..Alright then..You put the beans into the pressure cooker, water, then you put the pork meat and you put also the chorizo in it
Mark: Yep.
Brazilian Neighbour: And in another pan you chop up some onion and garlic and you fry it with olive oil and you put it into the beans …
Mark: Yep.
Brazilian Neighbour: And you cook that for about half an hour.
Mark: Right.
Brazilian: And then.
Mark: All in the pressure cooker?
Brazilian Neighbour: All in the pressure cooker…Yeah…